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Causes for Malaria
There are four different species of parasites that cause malaria. These are- Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium falciparum.
- P. falciparum. It produces the most severe symptoms and is responsible for most malaria deaths. This parasite has an incubation period of 5-12 days.
- P. vivax. This species produces less severe symptoms but can remain in the body (liver) and cause relapses for up to three years.It has an incubation period of 8-13 days.
- P. malariae. This species can cause typical malaria symptoms but on rare occasions can remain in the bloodstream for years without producing symptoms.This form of malaria has an incubation of 2-4 weeks.
- P. ovale. This species is also cause relapses. This form of malaria has an incubation period of 8-17 days.
When an infected mosquito bites a person, the parasites enter the bloodstream and travel to the liver. They multiply in the liver, then travel back into the blood, where they continue to grow and multiply so quickly that they clog blood vessels and rupture blood cells. When the red blood cells burst, the parasites are released and then attack other red blood cells.
Common Causes of Malaria
- The most common is by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito.
- malaria can also be spread through a transfusion of infected blood or by sharing a needle with an infected person.
- Climatic conditions.
- Travelers.
- Migrants.
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